Blood routine, urine routine, and stool routine are collectively referred to as the three major routine examinations. They give people a completely different experience: a blood test only hurts for a second, but a stool test and a urine test will be uncomfortable the whole time!
He sneaked into the toilet with a small box and a small cup, humming, humming, and competing with his own excrement and excrement, and then wiggling and handing the box and cup to the inspection window.
Perhaps because people avoid talking about feces and urine, there are more and more doubts about stool and urine tests. Today is the time for laboratory physicians to focus on answering questions!
Does the diet before the urine test affect the results? If I ate duck blood the day before, will it detect blood in my stool?
Urine test first.
Usually, diet doesn’t make a drastic change in urine test results, but some medications can interfere . For example, high doses of vitamin C can cause the glucose test in urine to fail (ie, “false negative”), which may affect the results of urine tests in some people.
For stool tests, food has a much bigger impact .
Take duck blood, for example. Many years ago, due to the limitations of testing methods, when the subjects ingested food containing animal hemoglobin, it may lead to false positives in the occult blood test in the stool examination, misjudging the subjects as having gastrointestinal bleeding.
Nowadays, the test method has been greatly improved, and the use of the immune colloidal gold rule will not be interfered by animal hemoglobin.
However, it is better to take it easy before doing the stool test and eat normally, otherwise it will be troublesome if you get upset stomach.
During the routine physical examination, the B-ultrasound examination needs to hold back urine, so drink a lot of water. Will the urine collected in this case be inaccurate?
Drinking a lot of water in a short period of time can cause your body to make more urine, which may seem to dilute some of the components in your urine.
But in healthy people, the bladder is not infinite . The average adult bladder capacity is 350 to 500 milliliters, and can cause urgency before reaching full capacity. So even if I can’t hold it back, my urine is only about 500ml .
In other words, for the average person, drinking more water will not make a huge change in a single urine output, so the fluctuation range of the test results is also limited .
Hidden knowledge point: Urgency to urinate in traffic jams, look for plastic bottles with a capacity of at least 500 ml丨giphy
But there are some exceptional pathological conditions, such as diabetes insipidus. The amount and frequency of urine excreted by the patient is much higher than normal. At this time, the salts in the urine are diluted by a large amount of water, which will affect the results of the urine test.
If you are really worried, you can also take urine for a urine test first, and then drink water and hold your urine to prepare for B-ultrasound .
The nurse said to take the middle part of the urine, what is this? Why do you want this? How to pick up?
Mid-section urine, as the name suggests, is ” a section of urine that is pinched from the head to the tail in the middle of the urination process “.
There are some bacteria, mucus and other debris in the human urethra and vulva, so that the composition of anterior and posterior urine is easily affected. The middle part of the urine is relatively close to the urine in the bladder, and the test results are less disturbed.
Imagine dividing the inventory in the bladder into thirds and taking the middle third丨Original image: Zhanku Hailuo
In addition, in order to reduce errors, it is best to leave the morning urine for the urine test (that is, the first urine after getting up, and go to the hospital to take a urine sample); send it for inspection as soon as possible after taking it out, no more than 2 hours; women’s menstrual period is also the most It is best to postpone the routine urine test , so as not to mix blood and other substances into the urine sample and affect the test results.
The nurse always said that my urine test picked up too much urine, and it spilled everywhere when I touched it. How much does it take to do a urine test?
There are actually many test items involving urine, and different items require different amounts of urine .
For example, for the most common urine (liquid) routine, generally 5 to 10 milliliters need to be collected; and for the 24-hour urine protein item, it is necessary to collect the urine discharged within 24 hours and record the total amount, from which samples are sent for inspection 10 to 10 milliliters. 15ml.
In short, different inspection items correspond to different inspection requirements. Before taking the specimen, the doctor or nurse will advise you .
To add: No matter how much urine is collected, it should not be spilled, it will pollute the environment, it is not good for children, and it is not good for flowers and plants…
Six or seven points is enough, if it is too full, you have to walk carefully, just like a toast丨wikimedia commons/Polarlys
Will it be difficult for the medical staff to check my urine and feces? Do you hold your nose in disgust?
It ‘s not difficult at all , it’s just the job!
With the development of technology, more and more automated inspection instruments can replace the original complicated manual labor. However, please rest assured that in order to ensure the accuracy of the results, we will also conduct manual review .
As for whether or not we will pinch our nose… First of all, pinching our nose will save a working hand; second, we don’t need to pinch our nose at all because we have a fume hood !
A fume hood can remove harmful and unpleasant gases from the workbench丨wikimedia commons
How will you check these submissions? Pick a lump and apply it evenly to see it with a microscope?
Take a routine urine test, for example.
The urine is first tested with a urine analyzer , and then the urine is manually examined under a microscope by a laboratory physician. Therefore, in the final inspection report, we generally include two parts of the inspection results of the instrument and the manual.
The routine stool examination process is similar.
As for how to “smooth”, we have our own set of standard operating procedures, but you still don’t understand the details , especially when you are eating or just finished eating.
By the way, have you ever encountered a patient’s operation error that caused an oolong in the stool test and urine test?
Of course I did!
Some careless patients do not pay attention to what kind of specimen is requested, and it is common to leave urine as stool, or leave stool as urine .
When the specimen is sent to the laboratory, we will also examine the specimen. If it is found to be wrong, the patient will be notified as soon as possible to have another drink.
Can you really fool the people on the Internet who get away with dog poop and green tea?
We are not a veterinarian, nor a food testing agency , so we can’t necessarily identify dog poop or green tea, so it’s hard to say whether we can fool the past .
but!
If you want to get away with it, are you sure that dog is healthier than you? Are you sure there are more ingredients (like sugar) in green tea than in your own urine?
It is really irresponsible behavior for one’s own health . I would like to remind everyone that there are thousands of roads, and integrity is the first!
But doing a urine test made me very embarrassed. Are these two projects necessary? Can you not do it?
Urine and stool tests can indeed make people feel embarrassed. In fact, even doctors themselves may feel somewhat similar when they are examined.
However, it is necessary for us to overcome this emotion .
Stool is related to the condition of the digestive system . Through the inspection of the appearance of the stool and the inspection of its components, it can also check for strictures of the digestive tract, bleeding, inflammation, and parasitic infections .
A urine test involves the urinary system. Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra and other links, as long as there is a problem in one place, it will leave clues in the urine .
So you see, you can check your health by taking just a little bit of your body’s waste. It is still necessary to do a urine test during the physical examination.
So when and under what circumstances should we do a urine test and a stool test more appropriate?
In addition to your routine physical exam, at any other time, if you feel something is wrong with your peeing or pooping, you should seek medical attention at any time .
This “wrong” includes:
an abnormal amount , such as more or less urine, diarrhea or constipation;
The nature is not right , such as the colorful urine and the soft, hard, thin and thick stool;
The process is not right , such as urination pain when urinating, abdominal pain when pulling Baba;
All of the above are not right, which may reflect some diseases, so hurry to check.
There are so many urine and stool tests mentioned earlier, why is there no “fart test”?
In fact, we take farts very seriously .
As early as this review published in 1986 [1], we can see that scientists have carried out a comprehensive study of farts without dead ends, and the earliest research can even be traced back to 1918. Today, a century later, scientists are still persevering in researching how to reduce the amount of farting in patients with irritable bowel syndrome [2].
But why don’t you see a “fart test” in the hospital today?
Because fart is a gas, and collecting gas is too difficult for ordinary people to operate : how to take samples? In what container? How do you know if the amount is enough? How to prevent the pollution of fart by oxygen and nitrogen in the air? and many more.
Taking 10,000 steps back, assuming that it is really collected, the components can be detected. At this time, we will find that because the components of farts are too complex and there are too many influencing factors, it is difficult to define a so-called “normal value” . After all, eating too much Sweet potatoes, radishes and beans will obviously affect the condition of the fart.
Farts can indeed reflect some health problems, such as a significant increase in frequency, a very strange smell, and even a fishy smell, so you should go to the hospital for an examination. That’s not a fart test, though.
In fact, the old ancestors said it a long time ago: don’t force it if it’s a big thing.
references
[1] Brydon WG, McKay LF, Eastwood MA. Intestinal gas formation and the use of breath measurements to monitor the influence of diet and disease. Dig Dis. 1986;4(1):1-12.
[2] Verbeke K. Combining dietary fibres to reduce intestinal gas production in patients with IBS. Gut. 2022;71(5):848-849.
Author: Li Meng
Editor: Li Xiaokui
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