Original link: http://mingxin.life/index.php/archives/273/

Recently, some disorganized thoughts have gradually become unified, which has deepened my understanding of many concepts, and gradually merged into one.

Asymmetric Risk and Cost Transfer Theory

For example, Taleb’s “Asymmetric Risk” and Wen Tiejun’s theory of cost shifting are fundamentally similar, and they are both discussing the issue of cost. Everything we do has a price, but not all of the price is borne by us. Just like when we turn on the air conditioner in summer and just pay the electricity bill, the heat is transferred to the external environment through the air conditioner, making it hotter outside, and people who work outdoors in the city silently bear this extra cost. Similarly, the environmental pollution caused by industry is the external cost of industrialization, which is borne by the affected people, while the benefits are occupied by a few people. The same is true in the financial industry. Through clever institutional design, some people have created ways to obtain risk-free returns or low-risk high-returns at the cost of accumulating risks elsewhere. For example, the sub-prime mortgage crisis and P2P wealth management are the disorderly expansion of finance that will eventually pass the price on to the entire society.

In addition to the transfer in the space field, from the time dimension, the form of obtaining excess returns becomes the possession of the past and the overdraft of the future. Occupying the past is a more subtle way of robbing, because after many achievements are created, there is no clear ownership, just like a piece of uncultivated virgin land, but in fact, the formation of “virgin land” is not without cost, but the group that paid the price has not yet. claim its sovereignty. There are plenty of examples of getting rich by owning something that others have paid for without claiming ownership. For example, the military-to-civilian transformation of the Internet, the restructuring of state-owned enterprises (ownership by the whole people becomes unit ownership, and unit ownership becomes private), the reformed demographic dividend, and so on.

国企利改税，将举国之力建成的国企变为单位所有，再后来通过国企私有化，把集体所有变为个人所有。而所谓的人口红利，实际上是革命红利，劳动力生产的成本在改革开放前是由国家支付的，在承担了这些成本之后，国企的工资只能维持在低水平。在改开之后，私企由于不需要承担教育、医疗、养老等劳动力再生产的成本，相对国企在成本上的占据优势，因此可以开出更高工资的同时，榨取更高的收益。

Relatively speaking, the means of overdrafting the future are more naked. Excessive working hours and harsh working environment overdraft the lives of workers, and various unsustainable development methods such as single crop, overdraft of land by excessive pesticides and fertilizers, and unlimited exploitation of resources fall into this category. This overdraft is not so much the greedy nature of man as it is the savage nature of capital. The infinite proliferation of capital requirements is necessarily unsustainable, because resources are not infinite, nor is demand infinite for a certain period of time.

Spatial Justice for the Natural Environment

As mentioned earlier, resources that have not claimed ownership may be occupied by others, but here is a question: how to claim ownership? That is, the question of rights to resources. For example, a tree, a stone, a flower in the mountains, when they cannot generate income, no one cares about their ownership, but once this possibility arises, how to establish the ownership becomes a sharp problem. Because it is related to the vital interests of the relevant people. If we look at the logic of Western robbers, this problem is very simple. Whoever discovers or takes possession first will be the one. But this brings up another problem, if I take ownership of the air, then the breath of others is theft, and the existence of the poor is sin. This is undoubtedly ridiculous, but reality is sometimes more absurd than imagined. Even putting this aside, when various resources in the entire environment are divided by ownership, how to ensure that the isolated resources continue to exist? The growth of a flower requires soil, air, sunlight and water, as well as suitable temperature and humidity. If only the flower itself is occupied, how to ensure its survival?
According to this logic, whenever human beings open up a new kind of field, there will be a new struggle for ownership. For example, electromagnetic space, Internet space, outer space, quantum computing, etc., bring endless competition and contention. And none of this should have been a problem. The natural environment naturally gives people living in it the right to live. If ownership must be declared, people who have survived for generations and have maintained the existence of the environment should share the ownership of the entire living environment. This is spatial justice.

blame more than desire

All things in the universe are one. What I have over-possessed must be lost by others (including the part that is deserved and unearned).

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