Not long ago, Zeng Xiaomei, deputy general manager of Guangdong Origin Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Original Intelligence”), received good news: this year’s annual revenue is expected to increase by more than 30% year-on-year, and net profit is expected to increase by 350% year-on-year. Yuandian Intelligent’s flagship product, high-end CNC machine tools, was once monopolized by overseas giants. The downward pressure on the global economy is coming, and the efforts to gnaw at the “hard bones” of technology have given Yuandian a rich return.
Since the reform and opening up, Guangdong, a major manufacturing province, has formed a complete industrial system. Among the 41 industrial categories included in the national statistics, Guangdong has 40. The strong industrial chain integration capability thus forged has become the “core weapon” made in Guangdong.
The independent and controllable industrial chain supply chain is the basic skill that must be possessed in building a modern industrial system. Under the background of interception in the front, chasing troops in the back, vacillation in the middle, and difficulties in industrial upgrading, Guangdong is facing a lot of pressure to consolidate, optimize and upgrade the industrial chain.
Adhering to the leadership of the manufacturing industry, Guangdong takes the “chain length + chain master system” to cultivate 20 strategic industrial clusters as an important traction, and promotes the industrial chain to “supplement, extend, fix, and strengthen the chain”, and is eroded by the wave of anti-globalization In the middle, build a strong breakwater for the supply chain of Guangdong’s industrial chain.
Unstoppable competitiveness
The 2022 Industrial Development Report released by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization pointed out that compared with other economies, my country is expected to have a lower level of output loss and a stronger economic recovery capacity in the face of the impact of the epidemic.
An important reason behind this is that China has built the world’s most complete and efficient industrial system, thus creating the core competitiveness of the world’s factory. Guangdong, a major center of the world’s factory, is a striking example.
Guangdong’s industrial chain competitiveness can be traced back to the reform and opening up.
The wave of reform and opening up has made “three to one supplement” bloom everywhere in Guangdong. It has brought foreign technology and manufacturing experience to Guangdong, and it has also enriched Guangdong’s manufacturing chain.
In 1995, the mobile phone giant Nokia settled in Dongguan, which opened the prelude to the Pearl River Delta becoming the world’s smart phone city. At its peak, Nokia had more than 400 suppliers in Dongguan. It not only drives the development of large suppliers such as Flextronics, but also prompts many Dongguan electronics companies to enter the Nokia supply chain and become the second and third tier suppliers of its Dongguan factory.
Dongguan’s mobile phone hardware manufacturing and supply system began to improve. Coupled with the spillover of Shenzhen’s electronic information industry, more companies began to enter Dongguan. Enterprises such as Huawei, Coolpad, OPPO, vivo, and Coolby have made Dongguan’s mobile phone industry flourish.
More importantly, with Dongguan as the center, a super industrial cluster has formed: front-end design and application software development in Guangzhou and Shenzhen, complete machine manufacturing in Dongguan, and related supporting production in Huizhou, Zhongshan, and Foshan.
The Pearl River Delta has a complete mobile phone industry chain. 95% of the components in a mobile phone can be quickly assembled within a one-hour commute in Dongguan. It only takes 18 hours for a smartphone to go from 0 to 1 in Guangdong through a series of processes including mobile phone motherboard production (SMT), pre-processing, final assembly, testing, and packaging.
Relying on the advantages of the industrial chain, Dongguan’s mobile phone production has occupied more than 1/4 of the global market all year round. Made in Guangdong, which grew up on the open gene, began to be deeply embedded in the division of labor in the global industrial chain.
Such stories continue to be staged in the land of Guangdong. The topic of relocation and transfer of the manufacturing industry, which was once a hot topic, has gradually lost its popularity in the face of the competitiveness of the industrial chain of Guangdong’s manufacturing industry.
“A complete drone can be manufactured without leaving the Nanshan District of Shenzhen.” Yang Shuanchang, deputy director of the original equipment industry department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and president of the China-Europe Economic and Technical Cooperation Association, once sighed. The Nanshan District he mentioned is the location of DJI, the world’s civilian drone overlord. Just in Nanshan, there are more than 100 drone companies alone.
Guangdong has all 31 major categories of national economic industries in the manufacturing industry, of which 15 are the largest in the country. Of the nearly 600 types of industrial products included in the national statistical catalog of industries above designated size, there are more than 510 types of products involved in Guangdong production, and the product coverage rate exceeds 80%.
This is also the competitiveness of Guangdong’s manufacturing industry. Shi Zhan, a professor at Peking University’s Foreign Affairs College who has been studying the differences between Vietnam’s manufacturing and China’s manufacturing in recent years, believes that the huge and unparalleled supply chain system is the biggest advantage of Guangdong’s manufacturing industry.
The supply chain of the industrial chain is facing a new test
Significant fluctuations in the international market, risks in order delivery, and rising production costs… In recent years, world globalization has encountered a “back wave”, and risks from the global industrial and supply chains have gradually spread to China.
The industrial chain supply chain is “big but not strong enough, complete but not refined enough” Guangdong’s manufacturing industry is facing an unprecedented test.
In the first quarter of this year, Guangzhou Automobile Manufacturing was hit by multiple outbreaks across the country. As a result, some production lines of Guangzhou Automobile and other automakers were shut down, and the supply chain of raw materials and chips was blocked. The growth rate of the total industrial output value of the whole industry has dropped sharply.
A huge industrial chain and a high proportion of procurement are characteristics of modern manufacturing. This is especially true in the automobile industry: an ordinary car has more than 20,000 parts, while a luxury car has more than 30,000 parts, so the pressure on stocking is huge.
Guangzhou has an advantage in vehicle production, and most of the key components such as chips, turbochargers, and air-conditioning compressors required by automakers are purchased from the Yangtze River Delta or even abroad. Automobile companies may be affected by the suspension of any level of suppliers at different levels from the first level to the third level.
“48% of our components are purchased from abroad, and they are distributed in Europe, America, Japan, Southeast Asia and other regions.” Wu Huihai, general manager of Magneti Marelli Automotive Electronics Co., Ltd. in Guangzhou, said.
Not long ago, Magneti Marelli also fell into the dilemma of insufficient production capacity of suppliers and interruption of logistics. During that time, Wu Huihai had to keep in close contact with suppliers at all times, relying on cooperation to win supply opportunities. In case of urgency, she will discuss with customers whether to quickly redesign or buy high-priced off-the-shelf products.
Although there are external uncertain factors behind the “cutoff”, the lack of domestically-made key technologies is the pain point of Chinese companies.
Zhang Lin manages the global supply chain at Yizumi Co., Ltd., a Foshan company. In his words, he “lives a life of fear every day.” This enterprise is a leading enterprise in the field of compression molding equipment manufacturing, and its comprehensive index of injection molding machine products ranks second in the country. Since last year, global logistics has been hindered and the delivery pressure of overseas companies has caused him to encounter obstacles in the procurement of imported parts several times.
In order to find out the situation of the industrial chain, Zhang Lin has been doing market research recently, but the results are not satisfactory. Most of these imported parts are irreplaceable, especially the controller and core hydraulic parts of the robot. “Basically, the control system is from Japan and Europe, and almost none of them are particularly well done in China,” Zhang Lin said.
Wei Jigang, deputy director and researcher of the China International Development Knowledge Center, said that from an external perspective, factors such as geopolitics, trade frictions, natural disasters, and national competition have increased the security risks of the industrial chain and supply chain; internally, there is an imbalance in industrial development Insufficient problems, breakpoints, weaknesses, pain points, and blockages in the supply chain of the industrial chain are obvious. “Ensuring the security of the industrial chain and supply chain in key areas, and not dropping the chain at critical moments, has become a major strategic task.”
Attack and breakout
Guangdong’s government and enterprises have made joint efforts, and a breakthrough and breakthrough to occupy the commanding heights of the market and control the right to speak in technology has set off a climax in the land of southern Guangdong.
Driven by the “chain master”, the chip field is accelerating its breakthrough: BYD’s self-developed automotive chips and modules have passed the car-level certification, and the smart driving chip is expected to be taped by the end of the year; the MCU control chip developed by Midea will start mass production in 2021; Galanz and SiFive Recently, the domestic open source chips “BF-Xijiao” and “NB-Shishan” have been jointly developed, realizing the replacement of domestic chips for the main control of electrical appliances and the connection function of the Internet of Things…
In addition to expanding upstream , the digital and intelligent chain of “chain master” enterprises also extends to more downstream fields, promoting the formation of a closed loop of data in the industrial chain supply chain system.
In the Galanz microwave oven production base located in Huangpu Town, Zhongshan City, highly intelligent automation equipment runs in an orderly manner on the assembly line, and the digital screen in the workshop scrolls the operation status of the production line in real time.
In 2020, under the impact of the epidemic, Galanz made a decision that has attracted much attention: investing tens of millions of yuan to set up a team of more than 130 people to start a digital and intelligent “new infrastructure” to build and open up production and after-sales service , Inventory management and other aspects of the digital new middle platform system.
Huang Jiahong, head of the Galanz Information Technology Center, said that this new middle-end system is the center of connection between Galanz factory manufacturing and market consumption. Galanz established a sales center and a marketing platform “Zhiwulianggong” BBC e-commerce mall in the new middle platform system to directly connect the production end with the sales end. The product information from R&D, production to sales is completely recorded, realizing “A piece of data runs to the end”.
Just as Li Xiaohua, a researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, analyzed: ” In the past, manufacturing companies outsourced the processing and manufacturing links or sales links, and knew little about users and downstream supply chain information, and dealers had a high voice. In the future, the digital transformation of manufacturing Finally, the chain-owner enterprise is in the position of data hub, and the data of its value chain, supply chain, industrial ecology, and product life cycle will be transmitted and collected together. Therefore, the chain-owner enterprise will more firmly grasp the global industrial chain. Control the value chain, enhance the resilience of the industrial chain and the security of the supply chain. ”
The “other hand” is also strong support.
At present, Guangdong is cultivating and expanding 20 strategic industrial clusters under the guidance of “chain length + chain master system”. In order to strengthen the mechanism guarantee, the governor of Guangdong Province is the “general chain leader”, and 10 provincial leaders including the Provincial People’s Congress, the Provincial Government, and the Provincial Political Consultative Conference are in charge of 20 strategic industrial clusters. All work is planned, deployed and promoted in one. At the same time, Guangdong has compiled 20 strategic industrial cluster investment maps, industrial policy maps and investment factor maps to strengthen the overall planning of the industrial chain and supply chain.
In solving key core technical issues such as “lack of cores and few cores”, Guangdong has vigorously implemented the “Guangdong Strong Core” project to strongly support the development of the integrated circuit industry in our province. At present, the state has officially approved to support Guangdong in building the third pole of integrated circuits in China.
Last year, Guangdong promoted the establishment of three major industry groups, including semiconductors in the Bay Area, with an investment scale of over 10 billion yuan, and established six investment funds with a total scale of 100 billion yuan to support Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Zhuhai in building integrated circuit industry development clusters.
Steady and fast. Since the beginning of this year, Guangdong’s first large-scale automotive-grade silicon carbide chip manufacturing line, Guangzhou Yuexin Semiconductor Phase III project, and China Resources Microelectronics Shenzhen’s 12-inch integrated circuit production line project have started smoothly.
In Guangzhou, after the establishment of a special class for the supply chain of the auto industry chain headed by city leaders, the production and supply of auto parts in the city will be sorted out. Under the state of emergency, Guangzhou established a three-level online and offline “daily scheduling” mechanism at the city, district, and enterprise levels to promote regional mutual recognition of the list of key enterprises in the supply chain, and to support the smooth logistics of the supply chain in the region and across provinces and cities. , to ensure its power consumption.
“During the critical period, the government can play a role to actively and steadily promote the diversification of the industrial chain supply chain, strengthen strategic resource reserves, and build a solid material foundation for the stability of the industrial chain supply chain.” Wei Qijia, director and researcher of the State Information Center’s Industry Office, believes.
Global expansion of supply chain map
It is not enough to only tackle key problems and breakthroughs in technology. With the current changing situation, new and unconventional problem-solving ideas have begun to emerge for the examination questions on the security of the industrial chain and supply chain.
Zhou Qiren, a professor at the National School of Development at Peking University, talked about the security of the supply chain of the industrial chain and believed that the spatial scope of the local government’s strengthening and supplementing the chain should not be limited; promoting the globalization of the supply chain is also to increase security.
Huawei is one of the pioneers. At this year’s Huawei Global Analyst Conference, Shi Jilin, President of Huawei Cloud’s Global Marketing and Sales Services, faced the world and issued a global declaration: “Huawei Cloud has no overseas strategy, only a global layout strategy. When defining from the first day, it is a global cloud It is our very clear strategic positioning from the beginning to the end.” Subsequently, HUAWEI CLOUD announced that it will launch services in Indonesia and Ireland, and its more than 15 services will be launched globally for the first time.
Since its establishment, Huawei’s equipment has been sold to more than 170 countries around the world. Ren Zhengfei, the founder, believes that internationalization is centered on China, which means that Chinese people go out; while globalization is centered on the world, using global Superior resources serve the global market.
This is vividly reflected in the multiple stories of Huawei “setting up a research institute for one person”. Milan, Italy is a world-renowned hometown of microwaves, and it is also the hometown of Renato Lombardi, Vice President of Huawei Microwave Product Line. Renato originally worked for Siemens. In 2008, Huawei’s outdoor unit (ODU), the core component of its IP microwave products, still relied on OEM, which lacked competitiveness and talent. To this end, Huawei approached Renato to establish a microwave research center in Milan, Italy.
Through the strategic interaction between Huawei’s domestic R&D centers and overseas R&D centers, Renato and his team members not only developed outdoor units, but also launched Huawei’s own microwave products. “The product was finally named the XMC series, and the official name was eXtreme Modulation Capacity, but I immediately thought that XMC is the abbreviation of Xi’an, Milan, and Chengdu, which means that the teams of the three places have worked together to achieve joint innovation and development of the product.” In “Huawei An institute was set up for me”, writes Renato.
Today, seeking a sense of security from globalization is being practiced by more Guangdong enterprises.
“The most important thing now is to apply for a visa as soon as possible and go to Myanmar to open a second branch.” This is the main task that Yang Jianwu has been busy recently.
In 2019, Yang Jianwu, the founder of Biaomei Apparel, went to Yangon, Myanmar to open a garment factory in order to reduce labor costs. Since the beginning of this year, when the production capacity of the Foshan headquarters factory has been affected by repeated epidemics, the Burmese factory with a normal supply chain has undertaken the task of digesting all orders from Biaomei.
Since May this year, the production scale and the number of employees of Biaomei Myanmar factory have doubled, and now it has assumed nearly 70% of the company’s production capacity. “It is no exaggeration to say that if there is no Myanmar factory, the development of Biaomei may press the pause button.” Yang Jianwu said with emotion.
Hedging risks in the supply chain of the industrial chain with a large-span layout. This kind of exploration allows Guangdong’s manufacturing chain to be more deeply embedded in the global industrial chain cycle, allowing companies to gain security and resilience even under changing circumstances.
The world trend Haohao soup soup. Guangdong, which is at the forefront of the trend, is giving full play to the institutional advantages of concentrating on major tasks and the advantages of a large-scale market, insisting on using new development concepts to lead the high-quality development of the real economy, making up for shortcomings and forging long ones, and improving the resilience of the industrial chain and supply chain Run out of Guangdong speed at a safe level.
Thinking
Technology Strategy Double Breakthrough
Build a sense of security in the industry
From the pursuit of scale and efficiency to the pursuit of safety and resilience, Guangdong Manufacturing is launching a new attack around the industrial chain.
Under the great changes unseen in a century, opportunities and risks coexist. At this stage, the word “stability” should be stabilized especially, which is related to the industrial chain supply chain of the economic circulation blood and the basic disk of enterprise survival, so as to create a kind of industrial security and resilience with strong anti-risk and dynamic balance. Of course, this also faces many challenges.
According to Zhu Sendi, honorary director of the Expert Committee of the China Machinery Industry Federation, there are many weaknesses and shortcomings that can be improved in some major manufacturing cities in Guangdong. There are already domestic alternatives in many technical fields, but due to the gap between their stability, reliability, and leanness compared with foreign brands, they are not selected under the current circumstances.
Due to the limited industrial base and technology accumulation, the heavy reliance on imports of core basic components, key technologies and equipment, and key basic materials in some fields, and the lack of a common technological innovation system, Guangdong’s supply chain is always facing the risk of partial blockage or rupture.
Of course, Guangdong, which is forging ahead in reform, has always been unafraid of difficulties. In the face of challenges, Guangdong enterprises launched a technological breakthrough led by innovation. They conduct technological breakthroughs in key links of the industrial chain supply chain such as high-end chips, integrated circuits, operating systems, and industrial software, and drive collaborative innovation in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain.
The Guangdong government has led a round of strategic breakthroughs with the theme of strengthening chains and replenishing chains. From following up and grasping the “backup” situation of enterprises in the supply chain of the industrial chain, cultivating “main enterprises” with strong control and rooting, to vigorously implementing the “Guangdong Strong Core” project, Guangdong has built a strong layer for the safe and smooth operation of key industrial chains. protective film.
It is worth noting that, as Zhou Qiren, a professor at the National School of Development at Peking University, said: “The spatial scope of local governments’ strengthening and replenishing chains should not be limited; promoting the globalization of supply chains also increases security.”
Nowadays, many companies have sprouted the idea of investing overseas to set up factories and going to the world to build a diversified supply chain. Some businesses have even taken steps. They have re-arranged the industrial chain on a global scale, forming a coordinated supporting industrial system between domestic and foreign countries. This is an inevitable trend of industrial upgrading, and it also needs strong support from the government.
In addition, in the process of building the security and resilience of the industrial chain and supply chain in Guangdong, it is necessary to coordinate the roles of the government and the market, especially pay attention to the role of the market, and provide more market opportunities for new technologies that supplement and strengthen the chain. In this way, Guangdong can make steady progress on the journey towards high-quality development.
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