Scientists have discovered a way to produce bio-cement from waste , offering a greener and more sustainable alternative to conventional cement. Biocement is a renewable cement that uses bacteria to create a hardening reaction that binds the soil into a solid mass. Scientists at NTU have now made biocement from two common fertilizers: industrial carbide sludge and urea (from mammalian urine). They devised a way to use calcium ions in industrial carbide sludge to interact with urea to form a solid or precipitate. When this reaction occurs in the soil, the sediment binds soil particles together and fills the voids between them, resulting in dense soil clumps. This produces biocement blocks that are strong, durable and less permeable. It can also be used to bio-grouting rock crevices to control seepage, and even repair and patch relics such as stone carvings and statues.
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