Important note: Do not imitate the dangerous operations involved in this article!
Many people have a dream of a martial arts or a hero in their hearts. Watching the masters in the film and television dramas move freely, their fingers close together like a knife, or a beautiful woman faints in her arms, or a wicked person falls to the ground, they can’t help but worship. And those who are knocked unconscious by the “hand knife” just need to wait for the plot to wake up again, or finish the lunch and finish work.
Knives are coming!丨Giphy
Hand knives in film and television dramas are always clean and neat, so what kind of operation is this in real life?
“Hand Knife” is a fighting action
Knifehand strike, also known as knife hand, is actually an action in martial arts, karate and other fighting skills . The specific operation is to use the knuckle of the little finger and the side of the palm as the “blade” to tap and chop the target after the fingers are close together.
Hand knife is actually an action in martial arts, karate and other fighting skills.丨wikipedia
Given the thickness and structure of the palm, a hand knife can be regarded as a sort of blunt strike , and the result of a hand knife strike also varies depending on the strength and site of action.
Some people may be fine if they are hit with a knife. For example, in 2020, a thief imitated the plot of a movie and TV drama, tried to stun the victim with a knife and then started stealing, but he did not expect that with a slap, he successfully woke up the sleeping hostess, and then sent himself into a high wall.
A failed hand knife attempt丨Weibo@jinan public security
Some people may experience various possibilities such as a sense of impact, loss of consciousness, and death due to being knocked on a specific part, coupled with their own sensitivity.
Hand knives can really knock something wrong
The blowing range of hand knives often includes the head and neck . This area contains many important structures and is also the most important part of the attack in film and television dramas. The skull contains the cerebrum and cerebellum, and the relatively weakly protected neck has structures such as the carotid artery, jugular vein, cervical plexus, and trachea passing through. The spinal canal of the cervical vertebra contains the spinal cord, and the vertebral arteries run upward on both sides of the cervical vertebra.
Anatomy of the head and neck丨Human Anatomy Atlas
Those who are attentive may find that most of the hand-knife stunning movements in film and television dramas are aimed at the side of the neck , and there are human anatomical principles behind this.
The common carotid artery, which is covered by the muscles on both sides of the neck, bifurcates into the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery during the ascending process, supplying intracranial and extracranial blood respectively. At the beginning of the internal carotid artery, there is an enlarged part, called the ” carotid sinus “, which contains baroreceptors, which can sense the stimulation of the blood vessel wall when the blood pressure rises, and then transmit signals to the brain to promote visceral blood vessels to dilate, Heart rate slows and blood pressure drops.
For people with sensitive carotid sinus, compression of the collar and abrupt head turning may cause stimulation of the carotid sinus and activate its function. If the hand knife hits the carotid sinus of this part of the person, it may cause the blood pressure of the hit person to drop sharply, and then due to insufficient cardiac output and reduced cerebral blood perfusion , clinical manifestations such as dizziness or even rapid syncope appear .
The sensitivity of the carotid sinus varies from person to person, usually occasional compression or touch does not have a noticeable effect, but there are people who are extremely sensitive.丨Anatomy of the Human Body
Clinical practice has found that the oversensitivity of the carotid sinus may even lead to cardiac and respiratory arrest in patients when the carotid sinus is stimulated , which is an emergency requiring emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation to save lives.
Clinical analysis of 2 cases of successful rescue of cardiac arrest with carotid sinus syndrome
In addition to the neck, the heroes in the martial arts films also like to secretly exert their strength and quickly strike the back of the head of others. After a long while, they woke up, except for the missing memory after being knocked unconscious, the others were unscathed.
If this situation is to be explained from a scientific point of view, it can be understood as a concussion caused by a sudden blow to the head. A concussion can be manifested as a coma with a short duration, and the experiencer is often unable to accurately recall the specific circumstances of the injury, and most neurological examinations fail to find obvious abnormalities. This situation is more likely to occur in competitive fighting.
Hand Knife丨blackbeltmag.com
In addition to the immediate effect on consciousness, a forceful blow to the head and neck with a hand knife may also have other adverse outcomes. For example, the well-known “temple” is actually an H-shaped suture formed by the confluence of the sphenoid, parietal, frontal and temporal bones in the skull, where the skull is thinner and the anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery passes through nearby. After violent blows such as hand knives, skull fractures may occur, or even the middle meningeal artery may be punctured, resulting in epidural hematoma.
Fragile structure of the head-wing point丨Human Anatomy Atlas
For another example, if there is a large atherosclerotic plaque in the neck blood vessels of the victim, or the arterial structure has a congenital abnormality, the atherosclerotic plaque may rupture under the condition of excessive force of the hand knife, which is abnormal. The vascular structure may separate to form a dissection , which will further affect the blood supply and oxygen supply in the brain. In news reports, there are cases of discomfort after neck muscle massage, and cerebral infarction was found in hospital examinations. Most of the cases were caused by excessive force during massage or because the patient had abnormal vascular structure before, which induced vascular dissection.
Cerebral infarction secondary to carotid artery dissection after neck massage丨Southern Medical
Wake up after being knocked unconscious with a hand knife, are there any sequelae?
The reality is more complicated. Although the blood pressure and syncope caused by pressure stimulation of the carotid sinus can be relieved to a certain extent, emergency situations such as cardiac and respiratory arrest can also be completely recovered after emergency operations such as immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation by professionals. However, professional emergency personnel will not be on call at any time, and the brain is an extremely delicate organ that cannot tolerate hypoxia. In just a few minutes, the neurons in the brain may be damaged or even die due to ischemia and hypoxia. .
In addition, even for a well-recovered concussion, some researchers in the medical community believe that it is a lesser degree of damage to the axonal structure of the brain’s neurons. As for the skull fracture, epidural hematoma, vascular plaque shedding, and vascular dissection that may be caused by the hand knife mentioned above, urgent medical intervention is required, and most of them will leave sequelae of varying degrees.
Therefore, in addition to the necessary competition in fighting games, most of the hand knives are actions required by the plot in film and television dramas. There are differences in the individual’s response to a knife strike. For safety’s sake, don’t imitate it in real life. Whether intentional or unintentional, friends slapstick or just curious, once a catastrophe is caused, there is no time to regret it.
In addition to hand knives, there are actually many dangerous actions in film and television dramas. Jumping from a high altitude, jumping from a car, falling into the water at high altitude, etc., and other actions/performances that can only be completed by special training such as marriage classes, ordinary people can just look at the pictures and have fun, and don’t take their precious lives to trial and error.
In fact, there are many dangerous actions in film and television dramas.丨 Screenshot of Douban
references
1. Henry Gray (1918) Anatomy of the Human Body
2. Wang Shengwu, Li Baojun, Li Junrong. Clinical analysis of 2 cases of cardiac arrest with carotid sinus syndrome successfully rescued [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Emergency and Critical Care, 2005, 11(4): 195-196. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn .1007-1024.2005.04.020.
3. https://ift.tt/q0xlg7p
4. https://ift.tt/TRU84aD
Author: Ming Ming
Editor: Li Xiaoqiu
Source of cover image: Weibo@surging news, video screenshot
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