Winter is here, and many people will have symptoms of itchy skin . The trick to relieve itchy skin is to scratch hard and keep scratching. This scratching doesn’t matter, not only scratched a lot of blood, but also flew like snowflakes along with the white skin flakes, and moved the whole body, scratching the arms may make the neck itchy, it can be said that the more you scratch, the more itchy.
Figure丨giphy
There are many kinds of itch. Some people have itching, and there is no expression on the skin, but there are also people’s itching, and there will be fluid oozing or dander falling off the itchy area. So, what are the common skin itching? Let us reveal them one by one.
Body itches when the weather is dry
If your itching is not in a fixed location, and there is no abnormality such as redness, swelling, pain, or a large amount of desquamation on the skin, and it is usually relieved after scratching, it may be caused by simple dry skin . This kind of itching generally occurs in autumn, winter and spring, especially in the north.
The surface of our skin is covered with a thin lipid film , which plays a role in protecting the skin and locking in moisture. When the weather is dry, this film is easily damaged, and the skin becomes dehydrated, chapped and itchy. This is why people tend to feel dry skin after bathing, because bathing for too long will also damage the lipid film on the skin surface.
Taking a bath for too long will damage the lipid film on the skin surface.丨Pxhere
In the dry season or after a long bath, apply moisturizer and Vaseline in time to protect the lipid layer on the skin surface and relieve itching.
The skin is very itchy, and there are bumps in the flush
If your skin becomes very red, there are many flaky bumps of different sizes , and it is extremely itchy, as if there are many small ants biting you, and you want to scratch at any time, then you may be suffering from hives .
Urticaria, commonly known as wheal rash, because it comes like a gust of wind, and it usually comes irregularly. Often the rash on one side just subsides, and then it rises on the other side. Urticaria can generally be cured within 1 week to 1 month, but one-third of people will develop chronic urticaria and continue to heal.
Urticaria is local congestion and edema caused by increased permeability of small blood vessels in the skin. The etiology of urticaria is very wide, cold, physical oppression, strenuous exercise, alcoholism, emotional stress, sun exposure, mosquito bites, allergies, etc. may cause urticaria. There is even a kind of familial hereditary urticaria, which occurs when the patient is born and recurs throughout his life.
Since hives are not caused by bacteria or fungi, it is not contagious . When a family member or friend has hives, you don’t have to worry about being infected.
Urticaria丨healthandlifestyle.com.ph
To treat urticaria, you must first find the predisposing factors with the cooperation of a doctor and try to avoid them. For example, the doctor will put a small piece of ice on your forearm. If urticaria is induced after 5 minutes, then you are probably suffering from “cold urticaria”. At this time, you should pay special attention not to put it in cold water Swim and keep warm in winter. Another example is for “chronic allergic urticaria”, you need to find allergens with your doctor.
Antihistamines or other types of medication may also be prescribed by your doctor for severe hives. Do not take medicine casually, so as not to cover up and delay the condition.
The last thing to say is that urticaria may also be caused by other diseases , such as hyperthyroidism, kidney disease , etc. At this time, the treatment of the primary disease can prevent urticaria.
There is fluid oozing from the itchy place, pimples, and flakes
If you have a lot of small red bumps on your body, or the scales are falling off like fish scales, if you don’t move, it will itch when you move, and there will be fluid oozing when you scratch , this may be eczema , it is Another common cause of itchy skin.
Eczema is somewhat similar to contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis is mainly due to the patient’s skin contacting certain substances, and then acute inflammation occurs at the contact site, such as applying inferior cosmetics, and rashes appear on the face the next day, which is a typical contact dermatitis. Compared with contact dermatitis, the etiology of eczema is more complicated, and such a direct contact process does not necessarily exist, and eczema has a clear tendency to ooze.
Acute eczema丨sitik.wordpress.com
Eczema is very common in daily life, and about two-thirds of dermatology outpatients are eczema patients. Generally speaking, patients take the initiative to go to the hospital because itching affects normal life, and some people even cause infection due to repeated scratching.
In fact, eczema is mainly due to an allergic reaction of the skin to external stimuli. So what kind of person is prone to eczema? Those who are genetically predisposed to be particularly responsive to certain stimuli. The barrier function of the skin of these people has certain defects. When faced with the same external stimuli, ordinary people may not get eczema, but they will have symptoms.
On this basis, external stimuli are the incentives. For example, allergens such as pollen, dust mites, animal fur, fatigue, mental stress, drinking and other factors can easily induce eczema.
Chronic eczema with local skin thickening丨Image source: dermnetnz.info
For eczema, it is recommended that you do a patch test first , which is a common method for clinically checking allergens. The treatment of eczema mainly includes internal medicine, external medicine and physical therapy. Oral drugs are mainly anti-allergic drugs and some auxiliary treatment drugs. Topical drugs are generally corticosteroid preparations.
In short, eczema is best found and treated early . Especially in the acute stage, the treatment should be done as soon as possible, because if it is delayed, the interstitial fluid exuded from the skin will easily breed bacteria and viruses. Once it progresses to the chronic stage, due to the thickening of the local skin, the medicine is not easy to penetrate, and the difficulty of treatment will increase a lot.
Not only itchy skin, but also drinking, eating, and urinating more recently
If your skin itching occurs in the lower limbs and perineum, and it is unbearable, it doesn’t get better for a long time, and the wound is difficult to heal after scratching, accompanied by symptoms such as polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, weight loss, etc. , it is very likely that the skin itching caused by diabetes .
When it comes to diabetes, the common concept is elevated blood sugar and a series of complications, such as blurred vision, diabetic nephropathy, etc. In fact, skin itching is a relatively hidden manifestation of diabetes.
The reason why diabetics have skin itching is mainly because elevated blood sugar can stimulate nerve endings, causing sensory dysfunction and causing itching.
At this time, it is recommended that you go to the hospital to check your blood sugar. If you are diagnosed with diabetes, you must strictly control your blood sugar and avoid scratching to avoid secondary infection of the wound.
Figure丨pixabay
Of course, in addition to the above reasons, factors such as mites, fungal infection, local inflammation, psoriasis, and tumors may also cause skin itching. If the itching is particularly severe, it is recommended that you seek medical treatment as soon as possible to find the cause to avoid repeated itching.
Author: Hua Tuo 3 minutes
Editor: Li Xiaoqiu
references
[1] Zhu Xuejun. Dermatology and Venereology. Peking University Press (2013) ISBN: 9787565907456
[2]Work Group: Lawrence F. Eichenfield, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014;71:116-32.
[3]Lazzarini R, Duarte I, Ferreira AL. Patch tests. An Bras Dermatol. 2013;88(6):879-88.
[4]Ridd MJ, King AJL, Le Roux E, Waldecker A, Huntley AL. Systematic review of self-management interventions for people with eczema. Br J Dermatol. 2017;177(3):719-734.
[5]Kaplan A. Clinical practice: chronic urticaria and angioedema. NEJM. 2002;64:1427–43.
[6]Zuberbier T, Aberer W, Asero R, Bindslev-Jensen C, Brzoza Z, Canonica GW, et al. Methods report on the development of the 2013 revision and update of the EAACI/GA2 LEN/EDF/WAO guideline for the definition, classification, diagnosis, and management of urticaria. Allergy. 2014;69(7):e1–29.
[7]Beck LA1, Bernstein JA, Maurer M. A Review of International Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Urticaria. Acta Derm Venereol. 2017 Feb 8;97(2):149-158.
[8] Weinberger M. Evidence-based considerations regarding the US and international guidelines for chronic urticaria. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018 Nov – Dec;6(6):2174.
[9]Lake E Acquired cold urticaria: Clinical features, particular phenotypes, and disease course in a tertiary care center cohort. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Nov 14.
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