Summary report
For a long time, coal has been my country’s dominant energy source, providing an important driving force for my country’s economic development and a major source of carbon dioxide emissions. Inner Mongolia is an important energy and strategic resource base in China. The energy structure has long been dominated by coal (coal consumption still accounts for more than 80% of the energy structure so far). “During the period, the total energy consumption control target has not been completed, and the carbon intensity of the entire autonomous region has not decreased but increased, which has also brought huge pressure on its environmental pollution control. The coal industry in Inner Mongolia is important and typical. It needs to complete the green and low-carbon transformation while releasing high-quality production capacity and ensuring energy security. The task is quite arduous. The transformation of the coal industry will bring about the optimization and upgrading of the industry in Inner Mongolia, and it will also mean a fundamental change in the economic structure and energy structure.
In recent years, the annual coal output of Inner Mongolia has continuously exceeded 1 billion tons, including two major production bases, Shendong Base and Mengdong Base. Among them, the Shendong base is located in the western Mongolia area, mainly including the Ordos coal-bearing area; the Mengdong base is located in the eastern Mongolia area, mainly including the Erlian coal-bearing area and the Hailar coal-bearing area.
The development of related industries such as iron and steel, coal chemical industry, non-ferrous metals, thermal power and other related industries is the main reason for the increase in the proportion of coal consumption in Inner Mongolia in recent years. Among them, the amount of coal consumed by coal power plants has been stable between 50% and 60% all year round. During the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period, the focus of my country’s coal production has shifted from the traditional Northeast, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, East China, Central South, and Southwest regions to the three provinces (regions) with good resource endowments and good production conditions. At present, Inner Mongolia has exported more than 570 million tons of coal, mainly supplying 18 provinces and municipalities in Northeast China, North China, Central China and coastal areas. In 2020, my country transferred a total of 1.66 billion tons of coal, of which more than 1.5 billion tons were transferred from Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Inner Mongolia. Among the various regions in my country, in 2020, the eastern region will have a net transfer of 1.1 billion tons of coal, and the northeast region will have a net transfer of 240 million tons of coal. In addition to being transported to other provinces and autonomous regions in my country in the form of raw coal, coal from Inner Mongolia is also transported to 10 provinces and autonomous regions in the form of electricity.
This research mainly focuses on the green transformation and development of Inner Mongolia’s coal industry under the “dual-carbon” goal. On the basis of sorting out the development status of Inner Mongolia’s coal industry, the LEAP model (Long-term Energy Alternative Planning System Model) based on the principle of energy and environmental accounting is adopted. The coal consumption demand, coal export demand and coal industry scale of Inner Mongolia’s main coal-consuming industries are combined and analyzed, and policy suggestions for promoting the transformation and development of Inner Mongolia’s coal industry are put forward.
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