foreword
In the 1966 sci-fi film “Fantastic Voyage”, an exciting scene was depicted: a shrunken submarine could sail through human blood vessels to clear blood clots. In July 1990, the first International Conference on Nanoscience and Technology was held in Baltimore, USA, marking the official birth of nanotechnology, which has been developing for 30 years. With the development of nanotechnology and micro-nano robotics, the above scenarios may become a reality in 10-20 years, and even more: drug delivery, surgery, diagnosis, medical imaging and so on.
With the development of micro-nano technology, the cognitive scope of micro-nano disciplines has gradually developed from initially referring to some micro-nano devices to all substances and systems involving the micro-nano scale. Micro-nano robot is an interdisciplinary and precise application, and the corresponding carrier is a highly interdisciplinary fusion of multiple disciplines and technologies such as electronics, machinery, materials, physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. It is also a complex engineering mechanical operating system. structure.
At present, when the scientific research and industrial circles discuss micro-nano robots, they are actually discussing medical micro-nano robots, which are the most concentrated application scenarios of micro-nano robots. From human body to tissue, to single cell and single molecule, human research on living organisms has entered the era of molecular-scale operation. Medical micro-nano robots provide new perspectives and tools for human beings to span the era of medical operations at the micro-nano scale. , laying a technical foundation and opening up new ideas for the next stage of precision medicine in the 21st century.
In this study, the DeepTech research team tried to answer what is micro-nano robotics, technical principles, technological development history, current development status, representative research teams, and industrialization challenges through expert interviews, desktop research, and literature statistics. challenges, etc.
Throughout the development of nanotechnology, the era of simply synthesizing a nanomaterial and studying their special properties is slowly passing. In the future, people will pay more attention to how to integrate nanomaterials into a complex device or even a system that can complete more complex tasks, and (medical) micro-nano robotics is one of the important directions.
Medical micro-nano robots are still in the early stage of scientific research and exploration, and a large number of real scenarios and engineering problems still need to be solved before clinical application, such as accurate motion control in vivo, degradability and safety of materials, and how to pass through the body. The difficulties brought by these cross-technical problems are complex and intractable. The idea of scientific research is that complex problems can be divided into many simple problems, and they can be overcome step by step, from quantitative changes to qualitative changes. On the whole, we are optimistic about the development prospects of micro-nano robots.
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