Summary
The large-scale sodium battery has obvious cost advantages. In the past two years, the technology has progressed significantly, and there is a large space for application in the fields of energy storage and low-end power. The excellent performance of lithium batteries has always been the dominant battery system, but since the middle of 21 years, the price of lithium carbonate has soared, and the cost of lithium batteries has increased significantly, which has put pressure on the industry chain, so enterprises have sought new material systems to make breakthroughs. Because of the natural cost advantage of sodium batteries And become the first choice, the cost is expected to be reduced to 0.5 yuan/wh (pack) after mass production, which still has a cost advantage compared to the lithium iron phosphate battery under 100,000/ton lithium carbonate; at the same time, the domestic supply corresponding to sodium carbonate is sufficient. The supply chain is safer; with the rapid progress of nano-electricity R&D investment by all parties, the industrialization of sodium battery technology and materials is gradually possible. At the same time, the formulation of sodium ion industry standards is imminent. The material system is expected to be basically finalized. 23 years will be the first year of the industrialization of sodium batteries, and small batches will be realized. In 24 years, mass production will be realized. The scale is expected to reach 30GWh. In the field of energy storage and energy storage, we predict that the global demand for sodium batteries will exceed 100GWh in 25 years, and it is expected to become an effective supplement to lithium batteries in the future.
The technology has gradually matured. The positive electrode currently tends to be single-crystal layered oxide, and the negative electrode tends to be hard carbon synthesized from low-cost precursors. The additive formulation is the key to improving cycle life. In the short term, the difficulty of mass production of layered oxides is low and the overall performance is excellent, and they have become the mainstream route of cathode, and the technology development trend is monocrystalline; Low-cost, polyanions focus on cycle life. The technical barriers of sodium electricity mainly lie in the negative electrode and additive formulation. The negative electrode is divided into hard carbon and soft carbon, and hard carbon is the mainstream trend. Its strict indicators and complex structure-activity relationship are the key bottleneck in the industrialization of sodium electricity, and low-cost precursors are urgently needed. The development of the battery; the additive formula is the key to improving the cycle life. The high alkalinity and high voltage of the sodium battery test the stability of the passivation film, and the Know-How barrier is higher than that of the lithium battery.
The leaders of the industrial chain will increase their layout, and the first year of sodium power industrialization in 23 years will be approaching. From the perspective of battery factories, CATL has launched Prussian white system + AB battery, which may be further upgraded to manganese-based manganese-rich Prussian white system, while increasing the layout of layered oxides; Zhongke Haina focuses on copper-iron-manganese layered oxide + The soft carbon route focuses on the cost-effective route, binding Huayang shares + polyfluoride; in the second echelon, cubic new energy, sodium innovation energy, and Chuanyi technology layered oxide products have excellent performance, and Penghui energy and Zhongna energy are selected Polyanion system, Sunwoda has exclusive sodium supplementation technology. From the perspective of the cathode factory, Zhenhua New Materials has broken through the technical bottleneck to develop high-performance single-crystal layered oxides. Rongbai Technology is deeply bound to the CATL era, and its production capacity is huge. Dangsheng Technology, Bangpu Cycle, and GEM are also speeding up the layout. From the perspective of anode factories, Baisige has the fastest domestic mass production progress, and Beiterui products have high stability. Traditional lithium battery anode manufacturers such as Kaijin Energy are also accelerating breakthroughs.
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