Original link: http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2023/09/weekly-issue-270.html
Here is a record of the technology content worth sharing every week, released on Friday.
This journal is open source and contributions are welcome. There is also a “Who’s Recruiting” service, which publishes programmer recruitment information. For cooperation, please email ([email protected]).
cover picture
Nanjing Zendai Himalaya Center is a real estate project to be completed in 2020. In order to reflect that Nanjing is a “city of mountains and rivers”, its shape imitates mountains and rivers. ( via )
What is Lean in “Lean Development”?
The most popular software development model is now “agile development”.
However, many people don’t know that agile is just a value, not a specific method. It contains some principles, and there are many different ways to implement these principles, the following are the main ones.
- Extreme Programming (XP)
- Scrum development
- Kanban development (kanban)
- Lean development (lean)
When you are new here, do you feel dizzy when you see these strange proper nouns? What do they mean, and what does it have to do with programming?
I happened to read an article by a foreigner , which mentioned some short stories about “lean development”. Share it with everyone below.
The word “lean” comes from a 1988 paper , “The Triumph of the Lean Production System,” which discusses why Japanese cars beat American cars?
The authors of the paper use Ford and Toyota as examples, arguing that their production methods are completely different.
Ford was an early car overlord, emphasizing mass production and pursuing extreme production efficiency in order to reduce car prices. In the past, the price of a car was 3,000 US dollars, but the listing price of Ford Model T was 850 US dollars, and finally dropped to 260 US dollars, occupying most of the American car market.
According to legend, Henry Ford said a famous saying: “Customers can choose any color, as long as it is black.” The T-car is only available in black. This is not because Ford likes black, but because black paint dries quickly Finally, it can be sold in the shortest time, thus reducing the cost.
In order to keep the price of the car down, Ford’s production process is as follows:
- Purchase raw materials for 100 cars.
- Build all the parts for 100 cars (over a hundred thousand in total).
- Assemble 100 cars and sell them.
- Receive customer feedback and produce the next batch.
Because each step takes a long time, the iteration cycle is long, and Ford rarely changes the model.
Toyota took a completely different approach to production. When it was first established, Toyota was a small company, unable to hoard raw materials, and could not afford special-purpose machines for producing different parts. It could only choose general-purpose machines, that is, the same machine produced multiple parts.
So their approach is to build cars one at a time and sell them as quickly as possible . If there is a problem, it is corrected immediately to avoid the production of defective cars again.
- Get the raw materials for a car.
- The parts needed to make a car.
- Assemble a car and sell it.
- Receive customer feedback and produce the next car.
This process is conducive to rapid iteration and multiple iterations. In the long run, Toyota vehicles gradually become more reliable and durable, and better meet customer needs.
Although Toyota is still higher than mass-produced Ford in terms of cost per vehicle, but Ford’s iteration is slow, many parts do not meet the needs, and defects are still mass-produced, resulting in huge waste, and the company’s overall benefits are not as good as Toyota.
Toyota’s production method is called “lean method”. The original meaning of the English word lean is “thin and healthy”, and it is used here to express the pursuit of practical results, fast action, and no waste.
Later, this method was used in various fields, the field of management is called “lean thinking”, the field of production is called “lean manufacturing”, and the field of software development is called “lean development”.
To sum it up, “lean development” refers to creating a minimal prototype of a product, shipping it to customers, watching how they use it, and quickly rolling out the next generation of the product with minor improvements . This allows for fast-changing requirements without introducing useless features.
In comparison, the Ford approach is to plan all functions in detail, develop them all, and deliver them all at once.
Technology dynamics
1. AI translation of the website
The old IT information website Gizmodo announced that all its Spanish versions have been changed to AI translation, and the editors have been fired.
At the bottom of its Spanish page, there is now a disclaimer: “The content of this site has been automatically translated and may contain minor differences from the original meaning.”
Gizmodo has also tried to use AI to write news: just enter some basic facts, and AI will automatically generate a report of several hundred words. This approach is likely to become popular in the future, and translation and editing will be replaced by AI at the earliest.
The top-level domain .ai belongs to Anguillas, a small Caribbean island controlled by the United Kingdom, which is only slightly larger than Hong Kong mainland.
The AI boom has made the .ai domain name hot, bringing great wealth to Anguilla. The annual fee for an ai domain name is now around $80 (about RMB 600), and it is still rising.
Anguilla received $7.4 million from .ai domain registrations in 2021. Now there is ChatGPT, which is estimated to generate $30 million in revenue this year, accounting for 10% of local GDP.
Anguilla has a population of only 15,000, which is equivalent to 2,000 US dollars per person per year. It is really a fortune that fell from the sky.
10 years ago, crowdfunding was a very popular way to launch a product. The promoters raise funds through the Internet, and then send the products to investors after they are put into production.
However, some products never shipped, and others took a long time to ship. Recently, there is a watch that was crowdfunded 10 years ago and is only now being shipped.
The watch, which has an oscilloscope function, was crowdfunded in 2013 and has not been heard since. When everyone forgot, it announced that it would start shipping on July 30 this year.
The user is equivalent to getting an electronic product 10 years ago, but cannot refund or return it. The crowdfunding platform Kickstarter clearly stipulates that crowdfunding is an investment behavior, not a purchase behavior.
“Backers must understand that we are not a store. When you support a project, you are helping create something new, not pre-ordering something that already exists. We do not offer refunds and we encourage backers to investigate project ideas and Creators, assess project risks by themselves.”
4. Augmented reality windshield
Apple has filed for a patent that would turn a car’s windshield into an augmented reality (AR) screen.
This glass will display various information, such as weather, maps, instrument data and so on. It is not projected, but the glass itself is a transparent display.
The most creative thing is that Apple also imagines that when encountering a foreign signboard on the road, it will automatically superimpose the translation, and the user will see the translated signboard (above).
article
1. Ren Zhengfei: Huawei has business boundaries, and talents must research and explore within the boundaries (Chinese)
On September 4, Huawei released Ren Zhengfei’s latest speech at the benchmarking meeting of the working group on the use of high-end technical talents. Ren Zhengfei talked about Huawei’s talent utilization strategy.
2. How do I get started as a programmer (Chinese)
In an answer from Zhihu, the author recorded how he went from completely ignorant of programming to a professional programmer in four years of university. (Contributed by @wind-liang )
3. How to use iCloud password for Chrome (Traditional Chinese)
Apple devices come with an iCloud password manager that only works with the Safari browser. It opened to Chrome/Edge for Windows two years ago, and now Chrome/Edge for Mac is also available.
4. How to write a front-end framework by yourself (English)
This article teaches you two techniques, with which you can write a simple front-end framework.
5. Wikipedia DNS (English)
Wikipedia launches its own DNS, supporting DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) and DNS-over-TLS (DoT) queries.
6. How to terminate an unresponsive Linux session (in English)
When using the Linux terminal, I sometimes get stuck and become unresponsive. How do I terminate the session?
7. AWS Network Basics (English)
This article introduces some basic network knowledge of Amazon cloud services, aimed at beginners, including VPC (virtual private cloud), subnet (subnet), routing, security group, etc., well written.
8. 17 Laws of Financial Security (English)
This article has nothing to do with technology, and introduces 17 points for attention in personal finance. I think it is very good and has reference value, so save the link.
tool
1. Gitstars
An online tool to manage your starred GitHub projects. (Contributed by @dllen )
2. Figma.Pub
Generate automatically updated image links for figma design drafts, supporting jpg, png, svg formats and scale parameters. (Contributed by @airyland )
An open source music player that supports various audio sources through plug-ins, see sample plug-in library . (Contributed by @maotoumao )
4. Nice Shots
An iOS App, used to beautify mobile phone screenshots, can achieve the effect of wearing a mobile phone case. (Contributed by @JimmyByte )
5. TabX
A Chrome extension for managing tab pages. (Contributed by @Developer27149 )
6. AI Town
An open source web game, the characters are all driven by AI, and users can interact with these characters when they join this virtual town. (Contributed by @dllen )
The open-screen advertisement of the open source Android phone automatically skips the assistant. (Contributed by @Lyeragain )
8. Magic Notch
A notch tool for MacOS, which hides the shortcut keys in the notch and displays them when the mouse is moved in. (Contributed by @fengyiqicoder )
9. File Bridge
A simple JS script to set up a static file server. Computer A opens a local file directory on the webpage, and computer B can download the files in it, and the two do not need to be in the same local area network. (Contributed by @daGaiGuanYu )
10. Whisper Web
Online tool to convert English audio to text without login. (Contributed by @Y024 )
11. StableDiffusion XL Experience Station
SDXL is the latest drawing model released by Stable Diffusion. This is an experience station set up by netizens. You don’t need to log in or pay, and you can directly experience Wen Shengtu. (Contributed by @zengdamo )
resource
An open source Chinese e-book, introducing data structures and algorithms, with animated illustrations. (Contributed by @Y024 )
2. AIHub
This site collects various AI tools and resources. (Contributed by @liuluanping )
A series of articles on how to handle audio and video in the browser. (Contributed by @hughfenghen )
4. Yesicon
A Chinese icon search engine, the author uses ChatGPT to translate Iconify’s 180,000 icon names. (Contributed by @dongnaebi )
This repository collects large language models from various verticals. (Contributed by @wuyifan18 )
picture
International Orange is a striking color used by the aerospace industry to distinguish objects from their surroundings. It’s a pure orange, but darker and more reddish in tone.
NASA’s space suits have used this color.
The Golden Gate Bridge is also in this color.
Tokyo Tower and the antennas on top of many tall buildings also use international orange and white colors.
There is an artist in the United States who draws alpine skiing maps by hand, pursuing the height restoration of real landforms. This map is very popular among skiers.
Below is the final product.
Compared with high-definition satellite maps, this kind of map can only be regarded as a work of art now.
abstract
1. Why plastics cannot be reused
Plastic is one of the main sources of environmental pollution. Many people propose to recycle plastic for reuse, but it is difficult to work.
First, there are thousands of types of plastic, each with its own composition and properties, containing different chemical additives and colorants, and cannot be recycled together.
You can only sort recycled plastics into different types and then process them. For example, PET bottles for beverages alone include polyethylene terephthalate (PET#1), high-density polyethylene (HDPE#2), polyvinyl chloride (PVC#3), low-density Various types such as Polyethylene (LDPE#4), Polypropylene (PP#5) and Polystyrene (PS#6) must be recycled separately.
This is why the bottle cap and bottle body of PET bottles must be separated. You eat fast food at McDonald’s. Disposable cups, cup lids, trays, bags and cutlery involve many types of plastic, and must also be separated and cannot be put together for recycling.
Second, there are many constraints on the reprocessing of plastic waste. Plastic is flammable, and once a fire breaks out, it will affect nearby residential areas, causing losses that outweigh the benefits of recycling.
Also, unlike metal and glass, plastic is not an inert substance and can contain toxic additives and chemicals, and recycled plastic is likely to be toxic. Canada bans the recycling of plastics into food packaging.
In the end, plastic recycling is simply not economical. The price of plastic is low, but the cost of collecting, sorting, transporting, and reprocessing plastic waste is prohibitively high. The price of recycled plastic products cannot be reduced, and users have no incentive to buy them.
For the above three reasons, plastic recycling cannot solve plastic pollution.
In order to solve plastic pollution, we can only limit the use of plastic in the end, we must use as little plastic as possible, and concentrate plastic waste.
remarks
1,
CSS adds so many new features every year that it can be hard for anyone to keep up with, let alone take advantage of them.
Basically, CSS has caught up to JavaScript in complexity.
2,
Life is what happens to you while you’re busy making other plans.
3.
Humanity is creating our own successors: we are making machines more beautiful and refined every day, giving them greater power, and through all kinds of ingenious design, giving them the power to self-regulate, self-act, their intelligence Gradually become like human beings.
As the years pass, we will find ourselves to be an inferior race, while the machines are an evolving “mechanical life” that may eventually replace humans as the dominant species.
— Samuel Butler, 19th-century British novelist, “Darwin in the Machine,” June 13, 1863
4.
We’ve been holding off on releasing version 1.0 because there are some advanced features left unfinished. But now, we decided to release it, partly because those unfinished features don’t seem to matter in the real world (though I still want to finish them in the future.)
The more important reason is that we cannot start working on version 2.0 until version 1.0 is released.
— “Cap’n Proto 1.0 Release Notes”
5.
I once took three years off to play video games (no joke). Later, when I came back, I had to start with the lowest salary, but fortunately, the salary rose back soon. The secret to finding a job is to lower your salary requirements, you can only be admitted if you lower it a lot, and for programmers, it can usually be raised back.
Review of previous years
Should programmers worry about layoffs? (2022 #223)
Internet Radio Design (2021 #173)
Internet companies and the military system of the Hunan Army (2020 #123)
The Power of Statistics (2019 #73)
(over)
document information
- Copyright Notice: Free Reprint – Non-Commercial – Non-Derivative – Attribution ( Creative Commons 3.0 License )
- Date of publication: September 8, 2023
This article is transferred from: http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2023/09/weekly-issue-270.html
This site is only for collection, and the copyright belongs to the original author.