The peak of the first wave of infection in Omicron was fierce, and “blood shortages” appeared in many places.
Recently, Jiangsu, Yunnan, Fujian, Shandong, Zhejiang and many other places have issued emergency notifications on blood stocks. Blood stocks have been hit by the off-season of blood donation and the double impact of the epidemic.
On December 12, the official account of “Yunnan Kunming Blood Center” announced that the blood stock in Kunming was running out. According to the article, an average of 500 blood donations are needed every day in Kunming to basically meet the clinical demand for blood. At present, affected by the epidemic, the number of voluntary blood donations on the streets has dropped sharply, and group blood donation activities have been forced to stagnate. The average number of blood donations per day is less than a hundred, which has endangered the rescue of pregnant women and critically ill patients.
On December 13, the Jiangsu Provincial Blood Center issued a letter of proposal calling on citizens to actively participate in blood donation. The proposal shows that the center’s blood stock has fallen below the minimum stock warning line. Compared with the same period last year, the number of blood donations decreased by 57% and the volume of blood donations decreased by 54% in December this year.
On the same day, the National Health Commission and the Logistics Support Department of the Central Military Commission jointly issued the “Guidelines for Prevention and Control of New Coronavirus Infection in Blood Stations (Second Edition)” (hereinafter referred to as “Guidelines (Second Edition)”). The document shows that close contacts, secondary close contacts, and those with a history of living in medium-to-high-risk areas can participate in blood donation; blood donation must be postponed for 48 hours after vaccination with genetically recombinant vaccines and inactivated vaccines. In addition, according to international practice and my country’s actual situation, it is clear that blood donation can be made 7 days after the last positive result of the new coronavirus nucleic acid test or antigen test; severe or critically infected people can donate blood after 6 months of recovery.
Times Finance called the capital’s blood donation service hotline to inquire about the situation. The relevant staff said, “Currently, blood donation sites are implemented in accordance with the latest policy. According to the report in the health check center, you can choose whether you are infected with the new crown. If it is less than 7 days before the last positive result, you cannot donate blood. , If you donate blood after 7 days and you have not taken any therapeutic drugs during this process, this is not only to protect the recovery of the blood donor’s physique, but also to protect the life safety of the blood recipient.”
Blood donation policy adjustment for people infected with the new crown
In 1912, French surgeon Dr. Carrel won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his creative human-to-human blood transfusion. From this point of view, modern blood transfusion therapy is still used today.
Blood transfusion itself is one of the treatment measures for treating patients. It is a supportive and compensatory therapy, mainly used for patients to prepare blood during surgery to prevent excessive blood loss and severe anemia during surgery. In the process of blood transfusion, it is also necessary to transfuse different blood components according to the specific conditions of the patient, including whole blood, frozen plasma, red blood cell concentrate, washed red blood cells, white blood cell concentrate, and platelet concentrate.
From the blood donation of the blood donor to the transfusion of blood products by the blood recipient, it needs to go through a whole cycle of inspection and screening. Wu Danping, the person in charge of the blood bank of Guangzhou Taihe Cancer Hospital and a laboratory doctor, explained to Times Finance that the blood donation law of our country encourages healthy citizens to donate blood without compensation. In order to ensure the health of citizens and the quality of blood, my country stipulates that the interval between donating whole blood is 6 months, and the maximum amount of blood that a blood donor can donate each time should not exceed 400 milliliters. Generally, not all blood reaches the recipient. After the blood center obtains the donated blood, it needs to conduct relevant pre-transfusion tests. After passing the certification, the blood center will obtain red blood cells, plasma, cryoprecipitate or other high-concentration and high-purity blood products through automatic separation and other methods, and give them to patients or store them in cold storage.
From the analysis of blood donation itself, the test before blood transfusion has already screened out a category of blood donors. According to the updated regulations of the “Blood Station Technical Operation Procedures (2019 Edition)”, a series of health information of blood donors needs to be checked before registering for blood donation. If the relevant health check fails, the blood donation cannot be performed this time. donate blood. In addition, there is a category of patients who need to be permanently shielded and cannot donate or donate blood. According to the regulations, “If the test results of the donated blood of the blood donor show that the serological test and nucleic acid test of any of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and AIDS are reactive at the same time, or the dual reagents of syphilis serological testing are also reactive, then the permanent shielding will be performed. “
During the epidemic, Jin Dongyan, a professor in the Department of Biochemistry of the Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine of the University of Hong Kong, said in an interview with the media that there is currently no evidence that the new crown can be transmitted through blood. However, out of prudent considerations, various countries and regions also have restrictions on patients related to the new crown.
On March 25, 2021, the “Guidelines for Normalized Prevention and Control of the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic in Blood Stations” (hereinafter referred to as the “Guidelines”) issued by the National Health and Medical Commission and the Logistics Support Department of the Central Military Commission stipulated that “blood donors who have fever or It is recommended to suspend blood donation for four types of people such as respiratory symptoms, and the suspension period is at least 28 days after the end of the relevant situation.”
In addition, the “Guidelines” also stipulate that people who are vaccinated with inactivated new coronavirus vaccines, such as ” Sinopharm ” and “Kexing” vaccines, can donate blood 48 hours after vaccination; Nuo ” and “Zhifei”, but excluding those with live attenuated vaccines, they can donate blood after 14 days from the day of vaccination; Blood donation is suspended for the remaining 6 months.
The “Guidelines” have added the “New Coronary Pneumonia-related Health Status Consultation Form” to understand the health status of blood donors related to COVID-19 pneumonia, and to identify whether blood donors have a history of residence, contact history, or life history in high-risk areas.
However, with the development of the epidemic, the above blood donation regulations have gradually reduced the number of people covered, or continued to exacerbate the “blood shortage” in various places. In this case, the blood donation policy of people infected with the new crown needs to be adjusted urgently.
The National Health Commission and the Logistics Support Department of the Central Military Commission revised and released the “Guidelines (Second Edition)” on December 17, which clearly stated that blood donation can be made 7 days after the last positive nucleic acid or antigen. The health status consultation form related to the new coronavirus infection has also been updated, no longer screening the travel history, contact history or life history in high-risk areas, etc., and the blood donation rules after vaccination with the new coronavirus vaccine have also been optimized.
Why is the blood stock in a hurry?
After the “Guidelines (Second Edition)” was released, all localities quickly implemented the new blood donation policy, and called on the public to contribute to alleviating the shortage of blood stocks.
On December 18, the official WeChat account of the “Chengdu Blood Center” issued a document saying, “Chengdu City needs about 1,000 blood donations every day to meet the clinical blood needs. Tumor patients and children with thalassemia who receive regular blood transfusions , pregnant women, and patients with traumatic hemorrhage are in urgent need of blood rescue.”
Times Finance called a blood donation point in Kunming City, Yunnan Province as a blood donor. The blood donation point responded that the new policy stipulates that you can donate blood with your ID card after 7 days after the positive turns negative. Of course, if you take medicine, you can’t donate blood for the time being.
Prior to this, the staff of the Kunming Blood Center in Yunnan told Jiemian News, “Even if the blood stock is insufficient now, people infected with the new crown who are willing to donate blood still have to donate blood after six months of infection.”
The staff of the blood station in Tongzhou District, Beijing confirmed the existence of an emergency situation in blood stocks to Times Finance. But she said, “After the patient’s positive condition improves, donate blood only after any uncomfortable symptoms recover. That is to say, if you have not recovered your health after 7 days, donating blood is not recommended for the time being.”
“The shortage of blood stocks is not only a social problem, it is mixed with many factors.” Wu Danping analyzed to Times Finance that the blood source of the blood center mainly depends on the voluntary blood donation of the public. However, due to the impact of the epidemic recently, the number of voluntary blood donations has decreased, which is one of the reasons for the current shortage of blood. In addition, season is also a very important factor. Blood donation is also divided into off-season and peak season, and winter is the off-season for blood donation. Since the winter of this year, a large number of potential blood donors have left Guangzhou due to reasons such as early holidays for college students, and the amount of blood donation has decreased. And winter is a period of high incidence of some cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and the situation of ischemia in winter will be more severe. The superposition of multiple factors will make the blood storage volume worse.
“In recent years, with the improvement of the domestic medical security level and the enhancement of medical rescue capabilities, voluntary blood donation has also entered the fast track of development. However, the growth of voluntary blood donation still cannot keep up with the increase in clinical blood demand. There are also biased or seasonal crises. For example, in terms of blood type supply, sometimes there is a shortage of type O blood, and sometimes there is a shortage of type A blood. These are common problems in clinical blood use. In addition, the domestic population base is large, relatively In other words, the amount of blood used is also very large. To improve the blood shortage problem, cooperation from all aspects of society and long-term science popularization are needed. Only by raising the public’s awareness of blood donation and getting more people to actively donate blood can the stability of blood sources be enhanced. “Wu Danping told Times Finance.
This article comes from the WeChat public account “Times Finance APP” (ID: tf-app) , author: Wen Ruonan Zhang Yuqi, editor: Zhu Bai, 36 Krypton is authorized to publish.
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