Original link: https://ljf.com/2022/09/05/1133/
https://www.coursera.org/learn/qin-shi-huang/home/week/1
Lecturer: Lu Shihao, Ph.D. in History, National Taiwan National University, Ph.D. in Archaeology and Museology, Peking University
First and foremost
What is a student? It’s about learning how to live better.
There are no standard answers in the humanities, only good answers and better answers.
The purpose of learning: how to live? How to live well? How to live the way you want to live?
Learn to ask good and right questions. Without good questions, there are no good answers
Good question for studying history: what era am I living in?
The purpose of learning history: to inspire one’s own wisdom with the wisdom of the ancients.
What era am I living in?
Three Great Changes in Chinese History: The Age of Shamans, the Age of Nobles, and the Age of Confucian Officials
1. From Yangshao to Longshan, from peace and harmony, equality for everyone, to wars everywhere, and the generation of classes into patriarchal feudalism: determining political and social status by blood
2. Is there any kind of general Xiangning from the Warring States Period to Qin and Han princes?
War only depends on wisdom and strength, not blood
3. Have you ever regarded Chinese culture as the center of your life from the end of the Qing Dynasty to today? The ultimate in faith? A goal to strive for?
The third great change, the early stage: save the nation and survive the later stage: where is the way out for the new era of prosperous country and strong army?
The Three Realms of Chinese Traditional Political Thought: Rule of Law, Hong Fan (Constitution), Rituals
The characteristics of the era of great changes: In this era, people often live in the chaos and confusion of values
Should one be frugal?
The essence of capitalism is to stimulate consumption.
Lecture 1: What is the use of reading history?
Before modern times, history was an essential education for all kinds of leaders, no matter Chinese or Western.
The utility of history: why people in the past succeeded and failed. Why does an era prosper and decline.
Education today is an education that trains craftsmen, not leaders.
Craftsman education requires a large amount of short-term indoctrination memory, rather than long-term and meticulous speculative education.
Haw, haw, haw, what’s that sound?
Just looking for a standard answer, giving up the ability to think is equivalent to buying a pearl in return
The purpose of history education: to cultivate leaders
Lu Zuqian: Why is it useless for you to study? Because you are not reading for usefulness at all.
How to read history: read the important decisions of important people, cover the book, and imagine what kind of decisions you would make?
The three most important functions of reading history, 1. Inspiring wisdom
History is the whetstone, the purpose is to sharpen the blade of my wisdom.
Zuo Zongtang on how to read history
Continue to take the truth of the book and confirm each other with your own life.
Lecture 2 Classic Reading Example
On the lap
The full text of the story of Wushang Nalu recorded in “Historical Records: Liuhou Family” is as follows:
Good taste leisurely swims to Xiapi. There was an old father, dressed in brown, who went to a good place, and fell on his shoes. Gu said to Liang, “You son, take the shoes down!” The father said, “Wear me!” Good work was to take the shoes, so he knelt down on them for a long time. The father was satisfied, laughed and left. Liangshu was shocked and followed. My father went to the Lisuo, returned, and said, “The son can be taught. The next five days will be clear, and I will meet you here.”
On the fifth day, peace and prosperity. My father was already there, and said angrily, “What’s the matter with the old man?” He went and said, “We will meet early in the next five days.”
On the fifth day, the cock crowing, good luck. My father was there again, and he got angry again and said, “Later, why?” He went away and said, “Come back early in the next five days.”
On the fifth day, the good night was not yet halfway there. After a while, my father also came and said with joy: “It should be like this.” A book was published, saying: “If you read this, you will be a teacher of the king. In the next ten years, you will be prosperous. In the thirteenth year, the children saw me in Jibei, and Huangshi at the foot of Gucheng Mountain was me. It’s over.” Then he went away, without another word, and never saw him again.
If you look at his book, it is “The Art of War of Taigong”. Good cause is different, often practice reading and reciting.
Use reason to control emotion instead of emotion control reason
Either don’t endure it, or endure it to the end
The necessary conditions for a good story: the two sides are about the same level, otherwise it is a joke
Taoism pays attention to empathy, while Confucian education is word for word
Preemptive strikes, followed by others
What is first? Relatively first? Absolutely first?
Unexpected is the absolute priority
Forbearance and peace are like virgins at first, the enemy opens an account, and then it is like a rabbit, unable to resist rejection
History is the study of time and change
History stands alone
Zhang Liang’s two sons: Pijiang = avoid strong = bear no doubt = Lixin = first
Three levels of reading: reciting (recitation), reading (analyzing and summarizing the truth of the book), reading (practice)
Why is it difficult to do things? Conditional cooperation is required.
Why is it harder to get things done? All the conditions need to be in place, and none of them will work.
Xi, the number of birds flying.
Confucius’s life is summed up as the Master said: “Learn and learn from time to time, don’t you say it?” Have friends come from afar, don’t you think? People don’t know but don’t feel sullen, isn’t it a gentleman?
Time: The Times Mencius: The Holy Time
Course preview:
1. What did Qin Shihuang leave behind? Depart from Konglin and the Mausoleum of the First Emperor
What is success? What is failure?
2. The Life of the First Emperor: Qin Shihuang in Historical Documents
3. The First Emperor’s Consultation: The Second Emperor and His Son
Fourth, the ancestors of the first emperor: the legend of the rise and fall of Qin
5. The First Emperor’s Courtiers: The Demise of Li Si and Qin
6. How future generations see Shi Huang: Qin Shi Huang in the Han Dynasty stone portraits
The happiness and misfortune of living in an era of great changes: values, beliefs, and goals are full of confusion Happiness: the era of great changes is an era with uncertain patterns.
From time to time, the heaven and the earth have the same strength, and transporting heroes is not free.
Confucius and Jesus Christ: Never Received an Orthodox Education
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