According to a study published in the journal Science, researchers estimate that the Tonga eruption in January sent at least 55 million tons of water vapor into the stratosphere, which could lead to a small peak in global warming, or temporarily More depletion of the protective ozone layer in the atmosphere. The Tonga volcano erupted from the ocean floor, releasing water vapor and ash that reached an altitude of 35 miles and increased water vapor in the stratosphere by at least 5 percent. Like greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, water vapor absorbs heat in the form of infrared radiation and re-emits it. Compared with the volcanic eruption of the lower land, it will not release much water vapor, but will temporarily produce a cooling effect by releasing a large amount of sulfur dioxide. Atmospheric scientists say Tonga’s eruption “could raise average global temperatures by 0.05 degrees”, with effects likely to last three to five years.
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