According to a study published in the journal Science, scientists have discovered a human skeleton dating back 31,000 years in Borneo who had an amputation of his left foot and recovered and returned to life after the operation. 6 to 9 years. The discovery suggests that advanced surgery emerged in tropical Asia thousands of years earlier than previously thought. Amputation requires a very comprehensive understanding of human anatomy and surgical hygiene, as well as extensive surgical skills. Before the development of modern clinical medicine (eg, antimicrobials), most patients who underwent amputation died of hemorrhagic shock or postoperative infection. The most complex operation known before was the amputation of the left forearm by a French Neolithic farmer some 7,000 years ago, which partially healed after surgery.
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